Bolinas Lagoon has existed in a state of fluctuation for 7,000 years.
COAST MIWOK
Native American Coast Miwok lived beside Bolinas Lagoon, a place of extraordinary abundance, for thousands of years before the arrival of Europeans.
LAND GRANT
In 1834, Rafael Garcia was awarded Rancho Las Baulines through a Mexican land grant, introducing agriculture and livestock. In 1849, logging on the north end of Rancho Bolinas began increasing sediment in the lagoon.
GOLD RUSH
Accessible only by boat or horse, in the mid-1800s Bolinas Lagoon was a busy port, shipping regional farm and dairy products, and logged trees to San Francisco. One vendor recorded shipping as many as 1,000 eggs per day. A road to Sausalito, now Highway 1, opened in 1870. The first residential subdivision in Bolinas, called Grande Vista, dates from 1872. In the following decades, the lagoon's hills and shoreline became developed with roads, farms, ranches, and homes. This development significantly increased sedimentation of the lagoon.
PUSH BACK ON DEVELOPMENT
In 1957, the state of California leased 1,200 acres of tidelands to the Bolinas Harbor District. Plans emerged for a 1,400 slip marina, heliport, bridge, and offices. Dipsea Road and Inner Seadrift Lagoon were developed, and the County of Marin Master Plan included a four-lane freeway, shopping mall, and thousands of homes. Marin and Golden Gate Audubon society chapters responded by purchasing a small section for preservation. In 1964, Bahia Baulines, Inc., which leased 100 acres of tidelands, proposed a hotel, restaurant, parking, boat facility, and marina on Kent Island. Audubon Canyon Ranch, the Nature Conservancy, and the Marin Conservation League raised funds to purchase the island and transfer it to the County for preservation. The Marin County Board of Supervisors approved the purchase just hours before the Harbor District planned to condemn the island to retain control.
WETLAND OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE
In 1988, Marin County Open Space District (MCOSD) took over management of Bolinas Lagoon Preserve. In 1998, Ramsar designated the lagoon as a Wetland of International Importance. In 2008, the Bolinas Lagoon Ecosystem Restoration Project: Recommendations for Restoration and Management was completed by a working group of community representatives and scientists, coordinated by the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary Advisory Council, with support from MCOSD and USACE. The Bolinas Lagoon Advisory Council currently advises the County on the management and ecological restoration of Bolinas Lagoon, and includes representatives from: